CONTENT

1. Introduction………………………………………………………p. 2
2. Ink Developments…….. …………………………………………p. 2
3. InkJet Printing…………………………………………………... p. 3
3. 1Ink Jet Technologies…………………………………………p. 4
3. 2 Continuous jet……………………………………………….. p. 4
3. 3 Drop-on-demand technology………………………………... p. 6
3. 4 Piezoelectric delivery………………………………………... p. 6
3. 5 Thermal ink jet or bubble jettechnology……………………. p. 6
3. 6Hot melt or phase-change ink jet……………………………. p. 7
4. Ink jet Proofer……………………………………………………. p. 8
5. Agglomerating chemicals………………………………………... p. 8
6. Ink-Jet Printingsystems…………………………………………. p. 9
7. Bibliography……………………………………………………... p. 11

Introduction
The traditional types of equipment used to reproduceimages on paper are:

• Printer
• Copier
• Press

A printer usesinkjet, wax-transfer, or toner technology to make marks on -paper from data files, resulting in the production of first-generation originals where every, one ofthem can be different, thus allowing the production of a collated document orindividual, personalized impressions.
A copier usesinkjet or toner technology to make marks on paper from an original, resultingin a second-generation copy, which, when copying multiple originals in an auto­maticdocument handler, can also produce a collated document.
A press uses ink and an image carrier toreplicate the same image on paper, over and over again, resulting in a largequantity of the same images. A press may also handle larger sheets, resultingin multiple pages on one large sheet of paper used in a binding/finish­ingoperation.
The 1990s saw a rapid evolution in equip­menttechnology. In 1995 (or the first time, the number of pages printed on printersexceeded pages reproduced on all models of copying machines. This ledHewlett-Packard to coin a new buzzword: mopier—a multiple originalprinter. A machine that makes, multiple original prints from anoriginal-producing printer instead of an original-copying copier, is a mopier. Since copiers are becoming digital approaches—scanners on the top and printerson the bottom—they are becoming do facto printers.
Printers at the high end, like the Xerox Docutech, arechallenging offset duplication at the low end of the black-and-white printingworld. Low-end printers are absorbing some of the work of both offsetduplicators and mid-level copiers. The copier will becomea dead cluck over the next decade.

INKDEVELOPMENTS

In the 1920s, aniline ink was made from water-soluble, coal-tar dyestuffs. The dyes were dissolved in alcohol, with tannic and aceticacids added, to make them smearproof. They had very poor light-fastness andshelf life, and they bled into and mi­grated with uncoated cellophane. Aboveall, they had a terrible residual odor after drying on the substrate. In 1927, the Geigy Company was supplying dye inks, introduced to the industry by SamHarkavy. National Aniline, General Dyestuff Company, Calco Chemical and DuPontall produced dry or powered inks at that time. Some chemical improvements to dyeinks did occur from time to time, but generally, nothing dramatic happenedto aniline inks.
James J. Deeney developed an aniline ink in 1931 withpigments that printed as an opaque white. As a first-down white, the othertransparent inks could be printed on it and not be transparent.
Also in the early 1930s, titanium dioxidewhite-pigmented ink, pigmented yellow and ora...